"Dog “detector teams” (handlers + their canines) support by serving in law enforcement and/or anti-terrorism efforts, deployments abroad, as well as search and rescue first responders here at home (USA). These detection dogs may be searching for anything ranging from explosives, narcotics, human remains, and people lost in the wilderness or on public lands--among many, many other applications. K9 teams offer a useful screening tool--provided that both the human and the dog are trained and that they maintain that training appropriately, always striving for more accuracy, efficiency, and reliability. Unfortunately, the lack of peer reviewed research combined with recent media coverage of dog detection failures has raised concerns about the effectiveness of dog-based detection and its admissibility in court. Furthermore, the widespread application of dog detector teams makes the standardization of protocols difficult; many national canine organizations have developed standards... but only for their respective programs" (Mangum & Christensen, 2018).